India's Supreme Court and High Courts shape a robust judicial hierarchy

Daily Prelims Test (Day-13)

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1. Question

India's Supreme Court and High Courts shape a robust judicial hierarchy

With reference to the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 131 of the Constitution of India, consider the following statements:

1. The Supreme Court has exclusive original jurisdiction in disputes between the Government of India and one or more States.
2. The original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 131 can be invoked by private individuals when fundamental rights are violated.
3. Disputes between two or more States fall within the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
4. Disputes arising out of treaties, agreements, covenants or similar instruments executed before the commencement of the Constitution may be excluded from the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

2. Question

With reference to the writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India, consider the following statements:

1. The Supreme Court exercises its writ jurisdiction under Article 32 of the Constitution.
2. The Supreme Court can issue writs against the Government of India and its authorities.
3. The Supreme Court is empowered to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
4. The writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is wider than that of the High Courts.

How many of the above statements are correct?

3. Question

With reference to the single integrated judicial system in India, consider the following statements:

1. It implies that all courts in India are part of a unified judicial hierarchy headed by the Supreme Court.
2. The Constitution explicitly establishes the single integrated judicial system through Article 141.
3. The High Courts exercise supervisory jurisdiction over the subordinate courts within their territorial jurisdiction.
4. The system ensures uniformity in the interpretation and application of law throughout the country.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

4. Question

With reference to the appointment and qualifications of judges of High Courts in India, consider the following statements:

1. Judges of High Courts are appointed by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the concerned State, and the Chief Justice of the respective High Court.
2. A person is also qualified if they have been an advocate of a High Court or of two or more such courts in succession for at least ten years.
3. A person is qualified for appointment as a judge of a High Court if they have held a judicial office in India for at least ten years.
4. The Constitution prescribes the minimum number of judges that must be appointed to every High Court.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

5. Question

With reference to the powers of High Courts under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, consider the following statements:

1. High Courts can issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
2. High Courts can issue writs for the enforcement of other legal rights.
3. High Courts can issue writs against any authority within their territorial jurisdiction, including the government.
4. High Courts can issue writs against the President of India in the exercise of his constitutional powers.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

6. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the Delimitation Commission in India:

1. Delimitation is the process of fixing the number of seats and boundaries of constituencies for both the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.
2. The orders of the Delimitation Commission have the force of law and cannot be challenged in any court.
3. The Parliament can modify the orders of the Delimitation Commission if it finds them unsuitable.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

7. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the definition of 'public servant' under the PCA, 1988:

1. Any person in the service or pay of the Government or a local authority.
2. Any person remunerated by the Government by fees or commission for performance of public duty.
3. Any judge or person empowered to discharge adjudicatory functions.
4. Only government employees, excluding judges, are covered under the Act.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

8. Question

Consider the following statements regarding the objectives of Atal Pension Yojana (APY):

1. To promote voluntary retirement savings with defined pension benefits based on age of entry and contribution levels.
2. To ensure universal social security for the poor, underprivileged, and unorganised sector workers.
3. To replace all other social security schemes for workers in the unorganised sector.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

9. Question

Consider the following statements regarding benefits and implementation features of PM SVANidhi:

1. The scheme promotes financial inclusion and digital payments by providing cashback incentives up to ₹1,600 for retail and wholesale transactions.
2. Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) administers graded guarantee coverage for sanctioned loans.
3. Monthly Lok Kalyan Melas under 'SVANidhi se Samriddhi' link street vendors with other welfare schemes.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

10. Question

With reference to the Controller General of Accounts (CGA), consider the following statements:

1. CGA is the principal accounting adviser to the Union Government and works under the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance.
2. Unlike the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), CGA is a non-constitutional authority.
3. CGA is responsible for auditing the accounts of State Governments.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

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