How Ancient Chakras Meet Modern Brain Science in Meditation
The ancient concept of chakras—seven energy centres along the spine—has long been part of Indian spiritual traditions. Modern neuroscience now explores how these focal points may relate to brain function and emotional regulation. Rather than mystical vortices, researchers interpret them as frameworks for self-awareness and physiological control.
Each chakra corresponds to distinct aspects of perception and self-regulation. Focusing on the Root Chakra (Muladhara) activates limbic regions like the amygdala and hypothalamus, which govern threat detection and bodily safety. Deep diaphragmatic breathing during root meditation also boosts vagal tone, calming the stress-response system.
Attention to the Sacral Chakra (Svadhisthana) engages the insula, a brain area processing internal sensations and emotional intensity. Mindful awareness of pelvic or abdominal feelings strengthens interoception—the ability to sense and regulate emotions.
The Solar Plexus Chakra (Manipura) links to the medial prefrontal cortex, which handles self-evaluation and decision-making. It also influences the enteric nervous system, where serotonin signalling affects mood and gut-brain communication.
For the Heart Chakra (Anahata), compassion-focused practices slow breathing and increase parasympathetic activity. Neuroimaging shows that loving-kindness meditation lights up the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate—regions tied to empathy and social connection.
Researchers remain divided on the chakra system’s nature. Some view it as a metaphor for spiritual states and universal energy. Others treat it as a practical tool for directing attention and organising emotional experiences in meditation.
Neuroscientific studies suggest that chakra-based practices influence measurable brain and body functions. By targeting specific focal points, individuals may enhance emotional balance, stress resilience, and self-awareness. The findings bridge ancient tradition with modern understandings of mental and physical well-being.
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