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Germany's primary schools struggle as core skills decline among students

Reading, writing, and math skills are slipping in German classrooms. Can long-term reforms—like smaller classes and early support—turn the tide for struggling students?

The image shows a schoolhouse with a car parked in front of it. The house has a door, windows, and...
The image shows a schoolhouse with a car parked in front of it. The house has a door, windows, and a sign that reads "Welcome to a Child-Friendly School". There are also some plants in pots, a group of trees, some people standing on the ground, some poles, wires, and the bark of a tree. The sky looks cloudy.

Germany's primary schools struggle as core skills decline among students

Primary education in Germany is facing growing challenges, with more students struggling to meet basic standards in reading, writing, and math. Experts and policymakers are now calling for long-term reforms to stabilize the system and ensure fair opportunities for all children.

Recent trends reveal a worrying decline in core skills among primary school pupils. Many are failing to reach expected levels, pointing to weaknesses in the foundation of early education. To address this, proposals include smaller class sizes, expanded social work in schools, and better language support. High-quality all-day schooling is also seen as essential.

Adrian Sonder, a member of the Education and Schools Committee, has criticized the constant cycle of short-term reforms and pilot projects. He argues that schools need reliable, long-term policies rather than temporary fixes. A key demand is for the new state government in Baden-Württemberg to focus on sustainable funding, stable structures, and reducing bureaucratic pressures on teachers.

The debate over Germany's multi-tiered school system continues, with calls for greater permeability between school types. Ensuring quality across all levels is seen as crucial for fairness. Additionally, a mandatory final year of kindergarten has been suggested to strengthen early childhood education and promote equal opportunities.

Special education centers have also been highlighted as valuable for many children. These provide tailored support and protected learning environments, helping pupils develop their individual potential. The author of one report shared a positive personal experience with such a center, reinforcing the need for stable educational frameworks.

The focus now is on creating lasting structures that give children stability in an increasingly complex world. Policymakers are urged to move beyond short-term projects and instead secure long-term funding, reduce bureaucracy, and implement proven measures like smaller classes and early intervention. Without these changes, the foundation of primary education risks further erosion.

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