Attainment of Standing: Meanings and Illustrations
In the realm of social science, the concept of status is a fundamental one. This article delves into two key areas: religion and education, exploring how they define our identities and the ways in which these statuses can be both ascribed and achieved.
Firstly, let's discuss religion. If an infant is baptized and raised within a specific faith, their religion is considered an ascribed status. This means that the individual's religious identity is largely determined by their upbringing, rather than a personal choice. However, if someone chooses to convert to a different religion, their religion becomes an achieved status.
The idea of 'acquired status' was first coined by sociologist Ralph Linton in the early 20th century, particularly around the 1930s. This concept has since been further explored, with Foladare's 1969 paper addressing the mixed-status of religion, suggesting that it can be both ascribed and achieved. For example, a Catholic child is typically designated as Catholic on a church level from baptism onwards, even if they cease to hold these religious beliefs. Yet, if someone converts to a different religion, their religious identity becomes an achieved status.
Now, let's turn to education. Being a student is an achieved status, as one must go through a process to be enrolled in a school and maintain their student status. This process often involves meeting certain criteria, such as passing exams and maintaining good behaviour. However, it's important to note that not all students become students voluntarily, as some countries have compulsory education requirements.
In many cases, most people lose the status of a student as they graduate from the education system. However, a student who poses a threat to their peers or does poorly in school may cease to be a student, losing their status.
Parenthood, on the other hand, can be considered both an achieved and an ascribed status. Becoming a parent requires effort, as it involves gestating and/or rearing a child. Once someone becomes a parent, they typically retain the status of a parent even if their child dies or becomes estranged. Parenthood carries along a number of status obligations, such as legal, social, and economic obligations.
It's also worth noting that many pregnancies are unplanned, and some people become parents without intending to. Mothers are expected to care for themselves and their unborn children by abstaining from activities that could cause harm.
In conclusion, status plays a significant role in defining our identities. Whether it's religion, education, or parenthood, understanding the nuances between ascribed and achieved statuses can provide valuable insights into the social dynamics that shape our lives.
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